Gutera ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe

1. Umusoda

Ubwoko bwose bw'ibisundiro bifite ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 3000 ℃ bushobora gukoreshwa mu gusuka W, naho ibisundiro bishingiye ku muringa cyangwa feza bishobora gukoreshwa ku bice bifite ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 400 ℃; Ubusanzwe ibyuma bicukurwa hakoreshejwe zahabu, manganese, manganese, palladium cyangwa drill bikoreshwa mu gucukura bikoreshwa ku bice bikoreshwa hagati ya 400 ℃ na 900 ℃; Ku bice bikoreshwa hejuru ya 1000 ℃, ibyuma byuzuye nka Nb, Ta, Ni, Pt, PD na Mo ni byo bikoreshwa cyane. Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere y'ibice bicukurwa hakoreshejwe platinum base solder bwageze kuri 2150 ℃. Iyo habayeho kuvurwa kwa 1080 ℃ nyuma yo gusuka, ubushyuhe ntarengwa bw'imikorere bushobora kugera kuri 3038 ℃.

Ibyuma byinshi bikoreshwa mu gusya bishobora gukoreshwa mu gusya Mo, naho ibikomoka ku muringa cyangwa feza bishobora gukoreshwa mu bice bya Mo bikora munsi ya 400 ℃; Ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'ibice bitari imiterere bikora kuri 400 ~ 650 ℃, ibikomoka ku muringa bya Cu Ag, Au Ni, PD Ni cyangwa Cu Ni bishobora gukoreshwa; Ibikomoka ku muringa bya Titanium cyangwa ibindi byuma byuzuye bifite aho bishongesha cyane bishobora gukoreshwa mu bice bikora ku bushyuhe bwinshi. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko muri rusange ibyuma bikomoka kuri manganese, cobalt na nickel bidasabwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho ibintu bitoroshye hagati y'ibyuma mu ngingo zisya.

Iyo ibikoresho bya TA cyangwa Nb bikoreshejwe munsi ya 1000 ℃, inshinge zishingiye ku muringa, manganese, cobalt, titanium, nickel, zahabu na palladium zishobora gutoranywa, harimo Cu Au, Au Ni, PD Ni na Pt Au_ Ni na Cu Sn solders zifite ubushobozi bwo kumena neza kuri TA na Nb, imiterere myiza yo gufunga no gukomera cyane. Kubera ko ibyuma byuzuza bishingiye ku feza bikunda gutuma ibyuma byuzuza bicika intege, bigomba kwirindwa uko bishoboka kose. Ku bikoresho bikoreshwa hagati ya 1000 ℃ na 1300 ℃, ibyuma bisukuye Ti, V, Zr cyangwa alloys bishingiye kuri ibyo byuma bikora ibintu bikomeye n'amazi bidafite iherezo hamwe nabyo bigomba gutoranywa nk'ibyuma byuzuza ibyuma. Iyo ubushyuhe bwa serivisi buri hejuru, icyuma cyuzuza kirimo HF gishobora gutoranywa.

W. Reba imbonerahamwe ya 13 ku byuma bicukura ibyuma bya Mo, Ta na Nb ku bushyuhe buri hejuru.

Imbonerahamwe ya 13 y'ibyuma bifasha mu gukurura ibyuma bishyushya ubushyuhe bwinshi

2. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya

Mbere yo gusya, ni ngombwa gukuraho witonze okiside ku buso bw'icyuma gishyushya. Hashobora gukoreshwa gusya hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, gusya umucanga, gusukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga cyangwa gusukura hakoreshejwe imiti. Gusya bigomba gukorwa ako kanya nyuma yo gusukura.

Bitewe n’ubudahangarwa bw’ibice bya W, ibice bya W bigomba kwitabwaho neza mu gikorwa cyo guteranya ibice kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika. Kugira ngo hirindwe ko karubide ya tungsten ikora nabi, hagomba kwirindwa ko W na grafiti bihura neza. Gushyiramo imbaraga bitewe no gutunganya mbere yo gusudira cyangwa gusudira bigomba gukurwaho mbere yo gusudira. W biroroshye cyane kuyisiga iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse. Ingano y’ingufu igomba kuba iri hejuru bihagije mu gihe cyo gusudira. Iyo gusudira bikorwa mu bushyuhe bwa 1000 ~ 1400 ℃, ingano y’ingufu ntigomba kuba munsi ya 8 × 10-3Pa. Kugira ngo hongerwe ubushyuhe bwo gusubiramo no gusudira ku ngingo, inzira yo gusudira ishobora guhuzwa no gukwirakwiza nyuma yo gusudira. Urugero, solder ya b-ni68cr20si10fel ikoreshwa mu gusudira W kuri 1180 ℃. Nyuma yo gusudira inshuro eshatu, ubushyuhe bwo gukoresha igice cy’icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa 1070 ℃ /amasaha 4, 1200 ℃ /amasaha 3.5 na 1300 ℃ /amasaha 2, ubushyuhe bwo gukoresha igice cy’icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa braze bushobora kugera kuri dogere zirenga 2200 ℃.

Igipimo gito cyo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe kigomba kwitabwaho mu gihe cyo guteranya igice cya Mo, kandi icyuho cy'ingingo kigomba kuba kiri hagati ya 0.05 ~ 0.13MM. Niba hakoreshejwe igikoresho, hitamo ibikoresho bifite igipimo gito cyo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe. Gusubiramo ubushyuhe bwa Mo bibaho iyo gutwika umuriro, itanura rigenzurwa n'ikirere, itanura rivacuum, itanura rikoreshwa mu gushyushya no gushyushya birengeje ubushyuhe bwo gusubiramo ubushyuhe cyangwa ubushyuhe bwo gusubiramo ubushyuhe bugabanuka bitewe no gukwirakwira kw'ibintu bya solder. Kubwibyo, iyo ubushyuhe bwo gusubiramo ubushyuhe buri hafi y'ubushyuhe bwo gusubiramo ubushyuhe, uko igihe cyo gusubiramo ubushyuhe kiba gito, niko biba byiza. Iyo gutwika hejuru y'ubushyuhe bwo gusubiramo ubushyuhe bwa Mo, igihe cyo gusubiramo ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko wo gukonjesha bigomba kugenzurwa kugira ngo hirindwe guturika guterwa no gukonjesha vuba cyane. Iyo hakoreshejwe gutwika umuriro wa oxyacetylene, ni byiza gukoresha flux ivanze, ni ukuvuga borate y'inganda cyangwa flux ya silver hamwe n'umuvuduko wo hejuru urimo calcium fluoride, ishobora kubona uburinzi bwiza. Uburyo ni ukubanza gusiga urwego rwa silver brazing flux ku buso bwa Mo, hanyuma ugasiga flux yo hejuru. Umuvuduko w'ifeza ukoresha icyuma gishyushya ufite imikorere iri ku rugero rwo hasi rw'ubushyuhe, kandi ubushyuhe bukora bw'umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe bwinshi bushobora kugera kuri 1427 ℃.

Ibice bya TA cyangwa Nb byaba byiza bishyizwe munsi y’umwuka ushyushye, kandi ingano y’umwuka ushyushye ntabwo iri munsi ya 1.33 × 10-2Pa. Niba icyuma gishyushye gikozwe kirinzwe na gaze idakora, imyanda ya gaze nka monoxide de carbone, ammonia, azote na dioxyde de carbone igomba gukurwaho neza. Iyo icyuma gishyushye cyangwa gikingira gikozwe mu kirere, hagomba gukoreshwa icyuma cyihariye cyo gushyushya icyuma n’amazi akwiye. Kugira ngo TA cyangwa Nb idakora kuri ogisijeni ku bushyuhe bwinshi, hashobora gushyirwaho urwego rw’umuringa cyangwa nikeli ku buso kandi hagakorwa uburyo bwo kuvura ikwirakwizwa ry’amazi.