Gushyiramo icyuma gikozwe muri grafiti na diyama polycrystalline

(1) Imiterere y'ibice by'ubushyuhe: ibibazo biri muri grafiti na diyama polycrystalline bisa cyane n'ibyo bihura na byo muri ceramic brazing. Ugereranyije n'icyuma, gusoda biragoye kunyosha ibikoresho bya grafiti na diyama polycrystalline, kandi ingano yabyo y'ubushyuhe itandukanye cyane n'iy'ibikoresho rusange by'ubwubatsi. Ibyo byombi bishyushywa mu kirere, kandi oxidation cyangwa carbonization bizabaho iyo ubushyuhe burenze 400 ℃. Kubwibyo, brazing igomba kwemezwa, kandi ingano ya vacuum ntigomba kuba munsi ya 10-1pa. Kubera ko imbaraga za byombi zitari nyinshi, niba hari ubushyuhe bwinshi mu gihe cyo gusoza, hashobora kuvuka imiturire. Gerageza guhitamo icyuma cyuzuza brazing gifite ingano nto y'ubushyuhe kandi ugenzure neza igipimo cyo gukonjesha. Kubera ko ubuso bw'ibikoresho nk'ibyo butoroshye kuvomerwa n'ibyuma bisanzwe bikoreshwa mu gusya, urwego rwa W, Mo n'ibindi bintu bishobora gushyirwa ku buso bwa grafiti na diyama polycrystalline hakoreshejwe guhindura ubuso (gusiga irangi ry'imvange, gusukamo ayoni, gutera plasma n'ubundi buryo) mbere yo gusya no gukora carbides zijyanye nabyo, cyangwa hagakoreshwa ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gusya.

Graphite na diyama bifite imiterere myinshi, bitandukanye mu bunini bw'uduce, ubucucike, ubuziranenge n'ibindi bintu, kandi bifite imiterere itandukanye yo gufunga. Byongeye kandi, iyo ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho bya diyama bya polycrystalline burenze 1000 ℃, igipimo cyo gufunga cya polycrystalline gitangira kugabanuka, kandi igipimo cyo gufunga kigabanukaho ibirenze 50% iyo ubushyuhe burenze 1200 ℃. Kubwibyo, iyo diyama ikoresha vacuum bracing, ubushyuhe bwo gufunga bugomba kugenzurwa munsi ya 1200 ℃, kandi igipimo cyo gufunga ntikigomba kuba munsi ya 5 × 10-2Pa.

(2) Amahitamo y'icyuma gitunganya ibyuma gishingiye ahanini ku ikoreshwa n'itunganywa ry'ubuso. Iyo gikoreshejwe nk'igikoresho kidashyuha, hagomba gutoranywa icyuma gitunganya ibyuma gifite ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushyuhe bwiza; Ku bikoresho birwanya ingese, hatoranywa ibyuma bitunganya ibyuma bifite ubushyuhe buke n'ubushyuhe bwiza. Ku bijyanye na grafiti nyuma yo gutunganya icyuma cyo hejuru, hashobora gukoreshwa solder y'umuringa yuzuye ifite ubushobozi bwo gupfuka no kurwanya ingese. Solder y'ifeza n'umuringa ifite ubushobozi bwo gupfuka no gutemba neza kuri grafiti na diyama, ariko ubushyuhe bw'igice gikozwe muri brazing bugoye kurenza 400 ℃. Ku bikoresho bya grafiti n'ibikoresho bya diyama bikoreshwa hagati ya 400 ℃ na 800 ℃, ishingiro rya zahabu, ishingiro rya palladium, ishingiro rya manganese cyangwa ibyuma bitunganya titaniyumu. Ku bijyanye n'imirongo ikoreshwa hagati ya 800 ℃ na 1000 ℃, hagomba gukoreshwa ibyuma bitunganya ibyuma bishingiye kuri nikeli cyangwa drill. Iyo ibikoresho bya grafiti bikoreshejwe hejuru ya 1000 ℃, ibyuma byuzuye ibyuma (Ni, PD, Ti) cyangwa ibyuma byuzuye ibyuma birimo molybdenum, Mo, Ta n'ibindi bintu bishobora gukora karuboni hamwe na karuboni bishobora gukoreshwa.

Kuri grafiti cyangwa diyama idakoreshejwe icyuma gitunganya ubuso, ibyuma bikora bikubiye mu mbonerahamwe ya 16 bishobora gukoreshwa mu gusya neza. Ibyinshi muri ibi byuma bikora bikozwe muri titaniyumu cyangwa ternari. Titaniyumu yuzuye ikorana cyane na grafitiyumu, ishobora gukora urwego rwa karubide runini cyane, kandi coefficient yayo yo kwaguka iratandukanye cyane n'iya grafitiyumu, byoroshye gutera imiyoboro, bityo ntishobora gukoreshwa nk'umushonge. Kongeramo Cr na Ni kuri Ti bishobora kugabanya ubushyuhe no kunoza ubushobozi bwo gushonga hakoreshejwe ceramic. Ti ni alloy ya ternariyumu, igizwe ahanini na Ti Zr, hamwe no kongeramo TA, Nb n'ibindi bintu. Ifite coefficient ntoya yo kwaguka neza, ishobora kugabanya ubushyuhe bwo gusya. Alloy ya ternariyumu igizwe ahanini na Ti Cu ikwiriye gusya grafitiyumu n'icyuma, kandi igice gifite ubudahangarwa bwinshi bwo kwangirika.

Imbonerahamwe ya 16 y'ibyuma byo gushyiramo icyuma gikoreshwa mu gushyiramo icyuma gikozwe muri grafiti na diyama mu buryo butaziguye

(3) Uburyo bwo gushushanya icyuma, uburyo bwo gushushanya icyuma cya grafiti bushobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri, kimwe ni ugushushanya nyuma yo gushushanya icyuma cyo hejuru, ikindi ni ugushushanya nta gusukura ubuso. Uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwakoreshejwe, gusudira bigomba gusukurwa mbere yo guteranywa, kandi ibyanduye ku buso bya grafiti bigomba guhanagurwa na alcool cyangwa acetone. Mu gihe cyo gushushanya icyuma cyo hejuru, urwego rwa Ni, Cu cyangwa urwego rwa Ti, Zr cyangwa molybdenum disilicide bigomba gushyirwa ku buso bwa grafiti hakoreshejwe plasma, hanyuma hagakoreshwa icyuma gikozwe mu muringa cyangwa ifeza mu gushushanya. Gushushanya icyuma gikozwe mu buryo butaziguye hakoreshejwe solder ikora ni bwo buryo bukoreshwa cyane muri iki gihe. Ubushyuhe bwo gushushanya bushobora gutoranywa hakurikijwe solder ivugwa mu mbonerahamwe ya 16. Solder ishobora gushyirwa hagati y’aho ifatanye cyangwa hafi y’inkombe imwe. Mu gushushanya hakoreshejwe icyuma gifite coefficient nini yo kwaguka k’ubushyuhe, Mo cyangwa Ti ifite ubunini runaka ishobora gukoreshwa nk'urwego rwo hagati rw’ubushyuhe. Urupapuro rw'impinduka rushobora gutuma plastike ihinduka mu gihe cyo gushyushya icyuma, ikagabanya ubushyuhe kandi ikirinda gucika kwa grafiti. Urugero, Mo ikoreshwa nk'aho inyura mu gufunga icyuma gikoresha icyuma gishyushya ...

Diyama karemano ishobora gushyirwaho icyuma gikozwe mu buryo butaziguye hifashishijwe b-ag68.8cu16.7ti4.5, b-ag66cu26ti8 n'izindi solders zikora. Igikoresho gikozwe mu buryo butarinzwe na vacuum cyangwa arindé nkeya ya argon. Ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya ntibugomba kurenza 850 ℃, kandi hagomba gutoranywa umuvuduko wo gushyushya wihuta. Igihe cyo gufata ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya ntikigomba kuba kirekire cyane (muri rusange hafi 10s) kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho urwego ruhoraho rwa tic kuri interface. Mu gihe cyo gushyushya diyama n'icyuma gikozwe mu buryo butari bwiza, icyuma gikozwe mu buryo butari bwiza cyangwa icyuma gikozwe mu buryo butari bwiza kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kw'udusimba twa diyama bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Igikoresho cyo guhindukiza cyangwa igikoresho gikozwe mu buryo butari bwiza cyane gikorwa hifashishijwe icyuma gikozwe mu buryo butari bwiza, gishyirwamo icyuma gikozwe mu buryo butari bwiza bwa 20 ~ 100mg, kandi imbaraga z'igice gikozwe mu buryo butari bwiza zigera kuri 200 ~ 250mpa.

Diyama ya polycrystalline ishobora gushishwa hakoreshejwe umuriro, frequency nyinshi cyangwa vacuum. Gushishwa kwa frequency nyinshi cyangwa brazing y'umuriro bigomba gukoreshwa mu gukata icyuma cyangwa ibuye rya diyama. Icyuma gishyushya cya Ag Cu Ti gifite aho gishongera hato hagomba gutoranywa. Ubushyuhe bwa brazing bugomba kugenzurwa munsi ya 850 ℃, igihe cyo gushyushya ntikigomba kuba kirekire cyane, kandi hagomba gukoreshwa umuvuduko wo gukonjesha buhoro. Uduce twa diyama ya polycrystalline dukoreshwa mu gucukura peteroli no mu bumenyi bw'isi dufite imiterere mibi yo gukora kandi dutwara imitwaro myinshi. Icyuma gishyushya cya nikeli gishobora gutoranywa kandi agapapuro k'umuringa gashobora gukoreshwa nk'urwego rwo gushishwa kwa brazing. Urugero, uduce twa 350 ~ 400 Ф 4.5 ~ 4.5mm diyama ya polycrystalline ishishwa mu cyuho cya 35CrMo cyangwa 40CrNiMo kugira ngo habeho amenyo yo gukata. Gukoresha icyuma gifunga icyuma gifunga icyuma (vacuum brazing) byashyizweho, kandi urwego rw'icyuma gifunga icyuma ni 5 × 10-2Pa, ubushyuhe bw'icyuma gifunga icyuma ni 1020 ± 5 ℃, igihe cyo gufata icyuma ni 20 ± 2min, kandi imbaraga zo gukata icyuma gifunga icyuma zirenze 200mpa.

Mu gihe cyo gushyiramo icyuma, uburemere bw'icyuma cyo gusudira bugomba gukoreshwa mu guteranya no gushyiramo ibintu byinshi bishoboka kugira ngo igice cy'icyuma gikanda ibikoresho bya grafiti cyangwa polycrystalline ku gice cyo hejuru. Mu gihe ukoresha icyuma cyo gushyiramo ibintu, ibikoresho byo gusudira bigomba kuba ibikoresho bifite ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe busa n'ubw'icyuma cyo gusudira.