Bite se ku ngaruka zo gusudira z'itanura rikoresha icyuma gishyushya ibyuma

Bite se ku ngaruka zo gusudira z'itanura rikoresha icyuma gishyushya ibyuma

Uburyo bwo gukaraba mu itanura rikoresha umwuka ni uburyo bushya bwo gukaraba budafite umwuka uhindagurika mu gihe cy’umwuka uhindagurika. Kubera ko gukaraba biri ahantu hadakoreshejwe umwuka uhindagurika, ingaruka mbi z’umwuka ku kintu gikoreshwa zishobora gukurwaho neza, bityo gukaraba bishobora gukorwa neza hatabayeho gukoresha umwuka uhindagurika. Bukoreshwa cyane cyane mu byuma bikoresha umwuka uhindagurika n’ibindi bigora gukaraba, nk’aluminiyumu, aloyi za titaniyumu, aloyi zishyuha cyane, aloyi zirwanya umuriro n’ibumba. Igice gikaraba kirabagirana kandi ni gito, gifite imiterere myiza ya mekanike kandi kirwanya ingese. Ibikoresho byo gukaraba muri rusange ntibikoreshwa mu gusudira urushinge rw’icyuma cya karuboni n’icyuma gito.

Ibikoresho byo gushyushya mu itanura rikoresha umwuka ushyushye bigizwe ahanini n'itanura rikoresha umwuka ushyushye n'uburyo bwo gushyushya. Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'amatanura akoresha umwuka ushyushye: Amatanura ashyushye n'umuriro ukonje. Ubwoko bubiri bw'amatanura bushobora gushyushywa na gaze karemano cyangwa ubushyuhe bw'amashanyarazi, kandi bushobora gushushanywa mu itanura rishyizwe ku ruhande, itanuru rishyizwe hasi cyangwa itanuru rishyizwe hejuru (ubwoko bwa Kang). Sisitemu yo gushyushya ishobora gukoreshwa muri rusange.

Sisitemu yo gusohora amazi irimo ahanini icyuma gisohora amazi, umuyoboro wa vacuum, valve ya vacuum, nibindi. Igice cy'usohora amazi gikunze kuba kigizwe na pompe ihindura imiterere y'icyuma ikora ku buryo bwa rotary vane na pompe ihindura amavuta. Pompe ihindura amavuta yonyine ishobora kubona dogere iri munsi ya 1.35 × Vacuum y'urugero rwa 10-1pa. Kugira ngo ibone vacuum nyinshi, pompe ihindura amavuta igomba gukoreshwa icyarimwe. Muri iki gihe, ishobora kugera kuri dogere ya 1.35 × Vacuum y'urugero rwa 10-4Pa. Umuvuduko wa gaze muri sisitemu upimwa hakoreshejwe agapimisho k'usohora amazi.

Gushyira icyuma mu itanura ridafite umwuka ni ugushyira icyuma mu itanura cyangwa mu cyumba gikoresha umwuka urimo gukurwamo. Bikwiriye cyane cyane gushyirisha ingingo nini kandi zihoraho, kandi binakwiriye no guhuza ibyuma bimwe na bimwe byihariye, birimo titaniyumu, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum na tantalum. Bifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha. Ariko, gukoresha icyuma gidafite umwuka bifite ingaruka mbi zikurikira:

① Icyuma cyoroshye guhindagurika munsi y'icyuma gishyushye, bityo ntibikwiye gukoresha uburyo bwo gufunga icyuma gishyushye ku cyuma cy'ibanze n'icyuma cyuzuza ibintu bishyushye. Niba ari ngombwa gukoresha, hagomba gufatwa ingamba zijyanye n'uburyo bugoye bwo gukora.

② Gukoresha icyuma gifunga ibyuma bivamo umwuka (vacuum brazing) bireba ubukana bw'ubuso, ubwiza bw'aho bihurira ndetse n'uburyo ibice byacyo byihanganira icyuma gifunga ibyuma, kandi bisaba urwego rwo hejuru rw'aho bikorera n'ababikora.

③ Ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa vacuum biragoye, bifite ishoramari rinini rimwe gusa kandi ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga kiri hejuru.

None se, ni gute washyira mu bikorwa inzira yo gushyiramo icyuma mu itanura ridafite umwuka? Iyo gushyiramo icyuma mu itanura ridafite umwuka, gusudira bigomba gushyirwa mu itanura (cyangwa mu gikoresho cyo gushyiramo icyuma), urugi rw'itanura rugomba gufungwa (cyangwa igipfundikizo cy'icyuma cyo gushyiramo icyuma kigomba gufungwa), hanyuma ugashyirwamo icyuma mbere yo gushyushya. Tangira ipompo ya mechanical mbere, hindura valve yo kuyobora nyuma y'uko icyuma gikoresha icyuma kigera kuri 1.35pa, funga inzira igororotse hagati ya pompe ya mechanical n'itanura rikoresha icyuma, kora umuyoboro uhujwe n'icyuma gikoresha icyuma kinyura muri pompe yo gukwirakwiza, koresha pompe ya mechanical n'icyuma gikoresha icyuma kidakoresha icyuma kugira ngo bikore mu gihe gito, shyiramo pompe ya mechanical n'icyuma gikoresha icyuma kidakoresha icyuma kugeza ku gipimo gikenewe cyo gushyiramo icyuma, hanyuma utangire umuriro wo gushyushya.

Mu gihe cyose cy’izamuka ry’ubushyuhe n’ubushyuhe, icyuma gikoresha umwuka kigomba gukomeza gukora kugira ngo gikomeze kugira uburebure bw’umwuka mu itanura, gikureho umwuka uva mu itanura, gikureho umwuka uva mu itanura, gisohora umwuka n’umwuka uhumetse ku rukuta rw’itanura, ibikoresho n’ubushyuhe, guhindagurika kw’icyuma na okiside, nibindi, kugira ngo bigabanye umwuka nyawo. Hari ubwoko bubiri bwo gushyushya umwuka: gushyushya umwuka mwinshi n’igice cy’umwuka (igice cy’umwuka). Gushyushya umwuka mwinshi birakwiriye cyane mu gushyushya icyuma cy’ibanze gifite okiside igoye kubora (nk’urugero nk’icyuma gishyushya nikeli). Gushyushya umwuka igice cy’icyuma gikoreshwa mu bihe aho icyuma cy’ibanze cyangwa icyuma cyuzuza umwuka bihindagurika bitewe n’ubushyuhe bwinshi n’ikirere cy’umwuka mwinshi.

Iyo hagomba gufatwa ingamba zidasanzwe kugira ngo habeho isuku nyinshi, hagomba gukoreshwa uburyo bwo gusukura imvange mbere yo gusiga imvange y'amazi. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, gukoresha uburyo bwo gusukura imvange y'amazi cyangwa imvange y'amazi mbere yo gusiga imvange bizafasha kubona umusaruro mwiza mu gusiga imvange y'amazi menshi.